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Month: March 2026

A11y 101: 2.5.7 Dragging Movements

Picture this: You’re trying to reorder items in a list. The interface wants you to click, hold, drag the item to a new position, and release. Seems intuitive, right? Now imagine you have a tremor in your hand, or you’re using a trackpad with limited precision, or you’re navigating with a single switch device. Suddenly, that “simple” drag-and-drop becomes an exercise in frustration.

This is exactly what WCAG 2.5.7: Dragging Movements is trying to fix.

Dragging Isn’t Universal

The rule says:

In plain English: If you can do it by dragging, you should also be able to do it by clicking, tapping, or using buttons.

Precision Isn’t Everyone’s Friend

Dragging movements assume a level of motor control that not everyone has:

  • Fine Motor Impairments: Users with conditions like Parkinson’s, cerebral palsy, or arthritis may struggle with the sustained pressure and precise movement dragging requires.
  • Assistive Technology Users: Switch devices, eye-tracking systems, and head pointers often can’t perform traditional drag operations.
  • Temporary Disabilities: A broken wrist or sprained finger can turn a simple drag into an impossible task.

The goal of 2.5.7 isn’t to eliminate drag-and-drop. We’re trying to ensure that everyone has a way to accomplish the task, regardless of their physical abilities.

Focus on User Needs

When you design a feature that only works with dragging, you’re implicitly saying: “If you can’t drag, you can’t use this.” That’s not a UX decision. It’s a decision to exclude users.

Ask yourself: If I were navigating this site with a single switch, would I be able to reorder this list? If the answer is “no,” you aren’t just failing a criterion; you’re failing the person who needs the feature the most.

Common Pitfalls (And How to Fix Them)

I’ve seen this fail in a few classic ways during audits:

  1. The Drag-n-Drop List:
  2. The Swipe-to-Delete:
    • Offer up a checkbox and delete button.
  3. The Canvas Drawing Tool:
    • This is difficult and relies on implementing a grid system for navigation. I detail this more in 2.5.1 Pointer Gestures.

Conclusion

2.5.7 is a reminder that convenience shouldn’t come at the cost of access. Drag-and-drop can be a great feature, but it should never be the only way to accomplish a task.

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A11y 101: 2.5.4 Motion Actuation

Imagine you’re holding your phone, walking down the street, and you accidentally bump it against your leg. Suddenly, your app thinks you’ve shaken it into submission and deletes your entire shopping cart. Or maybe you’re trying to scroll, but the device interprets your hand tremor as a “shake to undo” command.

This isn’t just a quirky feature gone wrong; it’s a potential accessibility nightmare. Enter WCAG 2.5.4: Motion Actuation.

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Quick Tip: Don’t Use <abbr>

The <abbr> element stands for abbreviation. The idea behind this is you provide the abbreviation of the word or phrase, then use the title attribute to display the whole name or phrase.

<p>You need to pay your taxes to the <abbr title="Internal Revenue Service">IRS</abbr> for many years.</p>

The problem with this is that the <abbr> is not an interactive element. You cannot tab to it. It will be read just like any other word in the sentence. If you mouse over the element, you see the title. But if you use keyboard there is no way to expose it.

Then there are screen readers. Most screen readers will not announce this title.

It’s better to fall back to the old newspaper styling where you say the whole phrase the first time followed by the abbreviation in parenthesis. From there forward, you can use the abbreviation.

Take a look at the testing Adrian Roselli has done on this.

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A11y 101: 2.5.3 Label in Name

We all navigate the internet and computers in different ways. Some use screen readers, others keyboard, and some people by voice. Success Criterion 2.5.3 was created to support these diverse methods. While it helps all users, it was created to address using voice control because typing is a struggle for the user. On the screen is a button that clearly says “Submit Order.” You speak the command: “Click Submit Order.”

Nothing happens.Or worse, it clicks the wrong thing.

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Quick Tip: Dialog Focus

The specifications for dialogs and modals recommend placing focus on the first focusable item in the dialog. The vast majority of the time this is a close button. this means that a screen reader user will hear something similar to “Dialog, Shopping Cart, Close, button.”

As a user this is confusing. I just added something to my cart, or I just opened it to checkout. And now your site is telling me that while I’m in the cart I should close it.

I strongly recommend that this is not the best practice we should be following. We should be providing the user with information they need in a way that encourages them to explore. To accomplish this, I recommend placing the focus on the heading of the dialog. We do this by providing a proper ID and tabindex="-1". Now when the user opens the cart dialog they would hear something like “Dialog, Shopping Cart.” This tells me my focus has shifted due to my actions, where the focus went by identifying, and I’m not hit with the confusing close button.

This is my opinion, it differs from many, but it fills the gap between accessibility and user experience to create a better flow for everyone. But I’m not alone in this opinion.

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Grief is an Odd Duck

If you’ve been following me you’ll know I lost my father six weeks ago. Today marks his 83rd birthday. Mine is tomorrow. He was 32 when I was born and we had a family joke that he gave up his birthdays for me, so he was only 32. We laughed that for the last 18 years, I was the patriarch – not him.

But for about 4 years now, I’ve had to be the patriarch. I lost my mother 3 years ago, but it was a slow process and my father needed to focus on her health. I needed to remind him of appointments and responsibilities as he declined without her.

But that isn’t what I want to talk about today.

The Grief Process

When we lose someone in our life things stop making sense in a lot of ways. There is confusion, you lose your train of thought a lot and have to deal with stress, anxiety, anger. The closer the person, the less makes sense.

For example, I weep for those killed over this past weekend due to the conflict with Iran. These are people who had their lives stolen from them. Some of them are children who haven’t even had much life. However, this motivates me to protest war. It doesn’t bring me to my knees for hour crying.

When I lost my 97 year old grandfather, I cried. I cried a lot. A couple weeks later I cried less. In a few months, even less. More than 10 years on, I don’t cry. I smile because I think of how much I love him, the good memories, the lessons he taught me.

When both my mother and father passed, I wasn’t really allowed time to grieve right away. As the eldest child, local child, I had to handle a lot of post-death administration. For my father, I have to do all of it. This required me to box up feelings before I could do those things. But they never stay in the box.

The Grief Ball

I didn’t come up with this. I learned it long ago from a therapist I had. And it wasn’t grief for a person, but an ability I lost.

However, I’ve since modified it with my own words, analogies and adopted it for a broader audience. Grief is a button in a box. Every time the button is pushed you feel the full power of grief. This never changes. Eighty years from now, when that button gets hit, it will hurt the same as it did day one.

Inside the box is a ball. I call it the grief ball (naming things is hard). It is what triggers your grief. When you first experience a loss, the ball is inflated to the maximum care size for the loss. Iranian school girls feels like its a ping pong ball to me, but for the parents of each child it is a gym ball. Every time the ball hits the button I get angry and grieve for them and their families. But this is a pretty big box and the ball hits the button maybe once a day.

The ball in my mother’s grief box is the size of a softball. Its hit the button many times during the day. On the day she passed, the ball was pushing out of the box.Over time it deflated and hit the button less.

When my father passed, I boxed it all up to get through the paperwork of it all. The ball was big and hitting frequently, but I didn’t have time to deal with it. Following the Buddhist philosophy, I would acknowledge the thought and let it go. But on this auspicious day, there is no letting go. It will be present all day, and March 4th and 5th will never be the same.

Grief is Hard, But You Can Get Through It

Don’t run away from it. You need to work through these feelings. But you also don’t need to grasp onto the thoughts. That’s when we get ourselves into trouble. Trying to hold onto something only brings more grief, anger, frustration, and suffering. When it hits, sit with it. Acknowledge it. Feel it. Then let it go. This will help you get through moment.

This takes practice. If I didn’t study philosophy, religion (especially eastern religion), and years of meditation practice, I wouldn’t have been able to get through the last 6 weeks as well as I have. If you have a local meditation center, I strongly recommend going and learn to really meditate. You don’t need to be a Buddhist, but Buddhism has some lessons that work well in any circumstance.

This is my journey. I thought I’d share in case someone else can gain something from it.

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A11y 101: 2.5.2 Pointer Cancellation

Last week I wrote about gestures and pointers. This week we look at the next criteria, Pointer Cancellation. I mentioned that we wanted events to fire on the “Up” or “release” action. And that’s what this criteria is all about. We need to make sure that if a user creates a down event on a control, we need to allow them to cancel. Let’s look at the methods used.

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